Impact assessment is a research area that involves evaluating and measuring the effects of policies, programs, projects, or interventions on social, economic, and environmental outcomes. This type of research helps to determine the intended and unintended consequences of these initiatives and assess their overall effectiveness and impact on various stakeholders. Impact assessment studies often involve collecting and analyzing data, conducting surveys, interviews, and case studies to understand the effects of a particular intervention. The findings of impact assessment research can inform decision-making processes, improve the design and implementation of policies and programs, and contribute to evidence-based policymaking.